Steel is widely used and has a wide variety. According to different section shapes, steel is generally divided into four categories: profile, plate, pipe and metal products. Steel is made of ingot, billet or steel through pressure processing.
Steel manufacturers must understand the storage and transportation methods of steel.
1. The steel storage site or warehouse should be in a clean place with smooth drainage, away from factories and mines that produce harmful gas or dust. Weeds and all sundries shall be removed on the site to keep the steel clean.
2. It is not allowed to stack with acid, alkali, salt, cement and other materials that are corrosive to steel in the warehouse. Different types of steel shall be stacked separately to prevent confusion and contact corrosion.
3. Large section steel, rail, steel plate, large-diameter steel pipe, forgings, etc. can be stacked in the open air.
4. Small and medium-sized section steel, wire rod, reinforcement, medium diameter steel pipe, steel wire and steel wire rope can be stored in a well ventilated shed, but they must be covered and padded.
5. Some small steel, steel sheet, steel strip, silicon steel sheet, small diameter or thin-walled steel pipe, all kinds of cold-rolled and cold drawn steel and metal products with high price and easy corrosion can be stored in the warehouse.
6. The warehouse shall be selected according to the geographical conditions. Generally, the ordinary closed warehouse is adopted, that is, the warehouse with roof, enclosure, tight doors and windows and ventilation devices.
7. The warehouse is required to be ventilated in sunny days, closed in rainy days to prevent moisture, and always maintain a suitable storage environment.
1. The principle of stacking is to stack according to varieties and specifications under the condition of stable stacking and ensuring safety. Materials of different varieties shall be stacked separately to prevent confusion and mutual corrosion.
2. It is forbidden to store articles that have corrosive effect on steel near the stacking position.
3. The bottom of the stack shall be padded high, firm and flat to prevent the material from moisture or deformation.
4. The same kind of materials shall be stacked separately according to the warehousing order, so as to facilitate the implementation of the principle of first in, first out.
5. For the section steel stacked in the open air, there must be wood cushion or strip stone under it. The stacking surface is slightly inclined to facilitate drainage. Pay attention to the straightness of the material placement to prevent bending and deformation.
6. The stacking height shall not exceed 1.2m for manual operation, 1.5m for mechanical operation and 2.5m for stacking width.
7. A certain channel shall be reserved between stacks. The inspection channel is generally 0.5m, and the access channel is generally 1.5 ~ 2.5m depending on the size of materials and transportation machinery Om。
8. The bottom of the stack shall be padded up. If the warehouse is a Chaoyang cement floor, it can be padded up by 0.1M; If it is muddy ground, it must be padded up by 0.2 ~ 0.5m. If it is an open-air site, the cement ground shall be padded 0.3 ~ o.5m and the sand and mud surface shall be padded 0.5 ~ o.7m.
9. The angle steel and channel steel stacked in the open air shall be placed downward, that is, the mouth shall face down, the I-beam shall be placed vertically, and the i-groove surface of the steel shall not face up to avoid ponding and rust.
Preservatives or other plating and packaging applied by the steel factory before leaving the factory are important measures to prevent material corrosion. Attention must be paid to protection during transportation, loading and unloading, which can not be damaged, and the storage period of materials can be extended.
1. Before warehousing, materials shall be protected from rain or impurities. Materials that have been exposed to rain or contaminated shall be wiped by different methods according to their properties, such as steel wire brush for high hardness and cloth, cotton and other materials for low hardness.
2. The materials shall be inspected frequently after warehousing. If there is corrosion, the corrosion layer shall be removed.
3. Generally, the steel surface does not need to be coated with oil after being cleaned, but for high-quality steel, alloy steel sheet, thin-walled pipe, alloy steel pipe, etc., the internal and external surfaces need to be coated with antirust oil after rust removal.
4. The steel with serious corrosion should not be kept for a long time after rust removal and should be used as soon as possible.
Relevant precautions in steel transportation: steel goods include pig iron, steel ingots, all kinds of steel, etc. During transportation, the loading shall be uniform and balanced, moisture-proof and moisture-proof to prevent corrosion.
1. The steel itself is heavy, so the vehicle shall be equipped with skids during shipment, and pay attention to the safety of shipment.
2. Do not mix different kinds of steel.
3. Oil cloth and other moisture-proof and moisture-proof tools shall be provided.
4. During loading, the steel sheet shall not exceed the outside of the vehicle, and the goods shall be evenly distributed.
5. The steel slag just discharged from the furnace will explode in the presence of water, so it should not be transported in rainy days.
Materials of various shapes, sizes and properties.